How to Identify and Treat Insect Bites on Dogs

This pet health content was written by a veterinarian, Dr. Debora Lichtenberg, VMD. It was last reviewed on September 26, 2024

If you have questions or concerns, call your vet, who is best equipped to ensure the health and well-being of your pet. This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.

Common Insect Bites on Dogs During Summer

Summer is the time for insect bites on dogs, and while most are mild and can be treated at home, others may be serious, even life-threatening. It's important to know how to respond.

Treating Insect Bites on Dogs at Home

Many simple insect bites on dogs can be treated at home, provided you can monitor your pet for the next 24 hours. Here’s what to keep in mind: Dogs usually respond to treatment quickly.

• Call your veterinarian for advice if you're unsure about the severity.
• Quick responses can minimize pain and discomfort and may even be curative.

The Usual Suspects – Bees, Wasps, Ants, and Spiders

Although bees, wasps, and hornets are the primary offenders, certain ants and spiders can trigger intense allergic reactions in dogs. Always observe your dog carefully after a sting.

For more detailed advice on bee stings in dogs, check out this guide from Petful: Bee Stings in Dogs.

Additionally, spiders and ants can also cause harmful reactions. Learn more about the signs of insect bites in dogs by visiting resources like ASPCA to ensure your pet’s health and safety.

How Do Insect Bites on Dogs Happen?

Dogs' curious noses and mouths just have to explore. "What’s that buzzing around? Let me stick my nose right at it — or, better yet, try to bite and catch it in my mouth." Common places where dogs are stung include:

• Paws or Limbs: The second most common spot is the foot or distal limb, as dogs may step on a ground hornet or paw at a buzzing insect close to the ground. This can result in a swollen, painful paw and sometimes a limp.
• Face: Many bee or hornet stings happen around the dog's face, often leading to a swollen muzzle or swelling around the eyes.

What If You Didn’t See the Insect Bite on Your Dog?

Many times, you don’t observe the actual sting — you just see the aftermath. Your dog might be playing in the yard, get stung, and not react immediately. Here are some common behaviors and signs:

• Behavioral Signs: Dogs may bite at the area, paw at their face, rub their face in the grass or along a surface, or roll around in clover.
• Swelling: Within a few minutes, obvious swelling of the face or the affected area usually occurs.
• Contacting Your Vet: If you notice these signs, sending a picture to your vet can help confirm if a sting has occurred.

Bites on Feet and Extremities

Bites on feet or extremities can be harder to diagnose, as swelling or limping might not immediately indicate a sting. Here’s what to keep in mind:

• Limping and Swelling: A limp or swollen foot may require a vet visit to rule out other issues.
• Other Possible Causes: If the signs are unclear, your vet may check for:

How to Treat a Simple Insect Bite on Your Dog

Most insect bites on dogs are mild, resulting in redness, swelling, and itching. Your dog may rub or bite at the area or favor a paw. Common symptoms include:

• Facial Swelling: Swelling around the eye may be so severe that the eye is no longer visible. The muzzle may also swell, giving your dog the appearance of a Shar-Pei. While it may look humorous, it's a sign of discomfort. Learn more about the Shar-Pei breed.
• Body Stings: Dogs can be stung anywhere on the body, though this is less common. Look for redness, swelling, or hives.

At-Home Instructions for Treating Insect Bites on Dogs

1. Examine the Area:
2. Cold Compress:
3. Baking Soda Paste:
4. Benadryl (Diphenhydramine):

Warnings and Precautions

• Benadryl Caution: Always check the label. Many cold medications contain additional ingredients, such as decongestants or pain relievers, which can be harmful to dogs. For more on this topic, visit this guide.
• Consult with Your Vet: Do not administer other antihistamines or medications without veterinary guidance.
• Avoid Anti-Itch Creams: Most anti-itch creams and lotions provide little relief, as dogs are likely to lick them off.

The More Complicated Insect Bite on Dogs

Swelling from insect bites on dogs can be severe for several reasons:

• Increased Sensitivity: Some dogs are more allergic to certain stings or bites, just like humans.
• Brachycephalic Dogs: Dogs with pushed-in faces, such as Pugs, Bostons, and Frenchies, may have more severe symptoms due to their compact throats. Always watch their breathing, and if swelling occurs around the face or throat, bring them to the vet immediately.
• Multiple Stings: Dogs that encounter a nest or swarm may be stung multiple times. If this happens, administer Benadryl and contact your vet.
• Hives or Wheals: Large areas of hives or wheals may take longer to resolve. Consult with your vet. More information on hives in dogs can be found here.

Serious Reactions Require an Emergency Vet Visit

If you’re nervous or if your dog is agitated, it’s always a good idea to visit the veterinarian.

• Breathing Issues: If your dog is stung in or around the mouth, closely monitor their breathing. Any changes, such as wheezing or labored breathing, require immediate veterinary attention.
• Anaphylaxis: Severe reactions can lead to a dangerous condition called anaphylaxis, which is a true emergency. Go to the vet if you notice:

Rarely, a delayed hypersensitivity reaction can occur 3–14 days after the sting, causing a pet to become very sick. If there was a serious stinging incident, monitor your dog closely for two weeks and report any signs of illness to your vet.

What About Cats?

Cats tend to avoid bees and wasps more than dogs do, but they can still get stung. Most of the above information applies to cats as well. Always consult with your vet before giving a cat any medication.

• Drooling: If a cat is stung in or around the mouth, they may excessively drool. Bring them to the vet if they drool excessively, have trouble breathing, vomit, or experience diarrhea or lethargy.

Hopefully, you and your pets will have a sting-free summer. Enjoy the outdoors, and try to avoid those pesky stingers!

If you're concerned about how mosquito bites affect your cat, check out this article on mosquito bite sensitivity in cats.

How Insect Bites Can Lead to Skin Allergies in Dogs

Insect bites on dogs can sometimes trigger skin allergies, particularly in dogs sensitive to insect saliva or venom. Common allergic reactions include:

• Flea Allergy Dermatitis (FAD): Caused by repeated flea bites, leading to itching, redness, and skin inflammation.
• Hypersensitivity: Some dogs may develop an allergic reaction to certain insect bites, like mosquitoes, resulting in skin irritation.
• Persistent Itching and Rashes: If your dog continues to itch or develops rashes after an insect bite, consult with your vet for treatment options.

Proper treatment can help manage these symptoms and prevent further allergic reactions to insect bites.

If your dog suffers from food allergies as well, it’s important to be aware of both triggers. Learn more about dog food allergies and how they can affect your dog’s overall health.

Preventing Insect Bites on Dogs

Prevention is key to protecting your dog from insect bites. Here are some effective strategies:

• Use Pet-Safe Insect Repellents: Apply vet-approved insect repellents to keep fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes at bay.
• Limit Outdoor Exposure: Avoid letting your dog roam in areas with heavy insect activity, especially during peak seasons.
• Maintain Grooming and Hygiene: Regularly grooming your dog and checking for signs of insect bites can help catch problems early.
• Protect Outdoor Spaces: Use flea and tick prevention products for your yard to reduce the likelihood of insect bites on your dog.

Taking these precautions can significantly reduce the risk of insect bites on dogs and help keep your pet comfortable and safe.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

References

• Adams, Stephen B., DVM, DACVS. "Overview of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Diseases in Dogs." Merck Veterinary Manual. March 2018. https://www.merckvetmanual.com/dog-owners/bone-joint-and-muscle-disorders-of-dogs/overview-of-musculoskeletal-disorders-and-diseases-in-dogs.
• Hunter, Tammy, DVM, and Ernest Ward, DVM. "Hives (Urticaria) in Dogs." VCA Hospitals. https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/urticaria-or-hives-in-dogs.
• “7 Common Bug Bites in Dogs.” PetMD. https://www.petmd.com/dog/general-health/7-common-bug-bites-dogs
• “Insect Bite Reaction in Dogs.” VCA Hospitals. https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/insect-bite-reaction-in-dogs
• “First Aid for Insect Stings in Dogs.” VCA Hospitals. https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/first-aid-for-insect-stings-in-dogs
• “Dog Skin Allergies or Bug Bites?” PetMD. https://www.petmd.com/dog/general-health/dog-skin-allergies-or-bug-bites