Rat Terrier Breed Profile: Essential Facts
If you're looking for a low-maintenance but energetic, family-friendly dog who loves the outdoors, you'll find it in the Rat Terrier.
- AKC Group: Terrier
- Weight: 10-25 lbs.
- Height: 10-13 in. (Miniature)13-18 in. (Standard)
- Life Span: 15-18 years
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Key Characteristics of Rat Terriers
The Rat Terrier is a small to medium-sized companion pet and hunter of small animals and vermin.
This muscular and compact dog usually has a multicolored coat that includes a variety of colors and patterns. These appear as large patches in colors like blue, fawn, tan, black, chocolate, apricot, red or lemon. Some coats have 3 colors, also known as tri-spotted.
Rat Terriers' ears are triangular and erect when the dog is alert. The tail naturally varies in length among these dogs.
Where Rat Terriers Came From
Originating in Great Britain in 1820, Rat Terriers were brought to the United States in the late 19th century.
Several breeds may have been involved in the creation of Rat Terriers, including: Old English White Terrier Smooth Fox Terrier Manchester Terrier Bull Terrier Beagle Toy Fox Terrier Whippet Italian Greyhound
Between 1910 and 1930, Rat Terriers were crossed with faster breeds and Beagles to help curb the growth of animal and vermin infestations on farms. The Rat Terrier's speed and scent abilities increased as a result of the crosses.
The breed first participated in American Kennel Club (AKC) events in 2006 and was later added to the Terrier Group.
How Friendly Are Rat Terriers?
Active, playful and loyal, this family-oriented breed is usually friendly, though wary of strangers. Feisty and fearless, Rat Terriers remain active for most of their lives.
Along with being good with children, family members and other dogs, they are intelligent and easy to train (and house-train).
The AKC recommends against getting more than one puppy at a time -- the puppies might bond to one another instead of to their human.
Is This the Right Dog for You?
Exercise Needs
VERY HIGH: The Rat Terrier may be smaller than other dogs, but don't let the size fool you -- they are very active and energetic. Be prepared for daily walks or jogs of at least 30 minutes (although they would enjoy much more).
They are active indoors, so apartment living is possible, but you still need to provide outdoor exercise every day. Have a yard? Make sure you secure it well -- Rat Terriers love to dig.
Grooming Needs
LOW: Grooming a Rat Terrier is extremely easy. They need only an occasional brush through the short coat to remove dead hair.
As with any dog, perform teeth and nail maintenance and ear cleaning regularly.
Health Problems
MEDIUM: There are a few common health problems among Rat Terriers, although each individual dog's health may vary. These possible issues include: Elbow and hip dysplasia Luxating patellas Eye problems Allergies
Some of these dogs are sensitive to demodex mange and anesthesia.
More Stats About Rat Terriers
| Friendliness | ★★★★☆ |
| Ease of Training | ★★★★★ |
| Barking/Howling | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Shedding | ★★★☆☆ |
| Tolerate Being Alone | ★★★☆☆ |
| Very Good With Kids | ★★★★★ |
This comprehensive video shows how the Rat Terrier became such a beloved dog today:
How to Adopt a Rat Terrier
Rat Terriers can end up in shelters and rescues. Start searching Petful for an adoptable dog first.
If you're set on going to breeders, make sure they are reputable and not puppy mill operators.
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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Rat Terriers are high-energy, stubborn, and prone to digging and chasing small animals. They require consistent training, plenty of exercise, and mental stimulation to prevent destructive behavior.
Rat Terriers became less common as farming methods modernized, reducing the need for small vermin-hunting dogs. They are still valued by enthusiasts but are not as widely bred as other terrier breeds.
Yes, Rat Terriers can be vocal and alert barkers, especially when they sense strangers or hear unfamiliar noises. Proper training can help manage excessive barking.
Yes, Rat Terriers make great pets for active owners. They are intelligent, affectionate, and playful, but they need regular exercise and mental engagement to stay happy.
References
- "Rat Terrier." American Kennel Club. https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/rat-terrier/.
- "Rat Terrier Breed Standard." Rat Terrier Club of America. 2018. https://ratterrierclubofamerica.org/rat-terrier-akc-breed-standard.
- "Breed History." Rat Terrier Club of Canada. http://ratterrier.ca/about-rat-terriers/breed-history/.
- "Health Issues." Rat Terrier Club of Canada. http://ratterrier.ca/about-rat-terriers/health-issues/.
Kristine Lacoste has been researching dog and cat breeds for nearly a decade and has observed the animals up close at dog shows in both the United States and the United Kingdom. She is the author of the book One Unforgettable Journey, which was named as a finalist for a Maxwell Award from the Dog Writers Association of America, and was host of a weekly pet news segment on the National K-9 Academy Radio Show. In addition, she was the New Orleans coordinator for Dogs on Deployment, a nonprofit that helps military members and their pets, for 3 years. Kristine has researched and written about pet behaviors and care for many years. She holds a bachelor’s degree in psychology, another bachelor’s degree in English and a Master of Business Administration degree.
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