SubscribeHow to Recognize the Signs of Stress in Dogs
Body language can tell you a lot about how any dog is feeling in the moment. Here are 4 stressful scenarios — and all the signs that a dog is distressed.
This pet health content was written by a veterinarian, Dr. Pippa Elliott, BVMS, MRCVS. It was last reviewed on August 28, 2024
If you have questions or concerns, call your vet, who is best equipped to ensure the health and well-being of your pet. This article is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.
Don’t Guess When It Comes To Your Pet’s Care
Don’t Guess When It Comes To Your Pet’s Care
Recognizing Signs of Stress in Dogs
This morning, my dog, Pogs, was enjoying a game of fetch when three other dogs suddenly appeared over a dune. Two of them immediately chased after Pogs, who is smaller and outnumbered.
- The dogs snapped at her back, causing visible distress.
- Pogs’ eyes were rolling, ears pinned back, and tail between her legs.
Despite this, the other dogs’ owners did nothing, insisting, “They’re only playing!” But Pogs was terrified.
Recognizing the signs of stress in dogs is crucial. When you notice these signs, whether in your dog or another, you can take steps to diffuse the situation.
- Failing to do so can lead to severe consequences, such as the stressed dog biting out of self-defense.
Let’s avoid these scenarios by refreshing ourselves on what a stressed dog looks like in different situations
Scenario 1: The Dog Is Stressed by Other Dogs
An anxious dog uses body language to tell other dogs to back off. These signals communicate that they are either no threat and don’t want to be approached or that they are unhappy but prepared to defend themselves if pressed.
If a dog’s signals are ignored, the dog may snap to make the threat go away and could be unfairly labeled as aggressive. Learn more about why dogs may snap.
Signs That the Dog Is Distressed
An anxious dog will first use subtle body language to diffuse the situation, such as:
- Lowered head carriage
- Turning the head aside to avoid direct eye contact
- Whale eyes, where the white cornea shows around the iris
- Lowered ears Learn more about this behavior.
- Tail tucked between the back legs
- Raised hackles over the shoulders (a sign of severe anxiety or fear)
- Displaying the belly (a sign of submission — often a desperate attempt to appease another dog)
Hopefully, the other dog reads this body language and backs off. If not, it’s up to the responsible human to call their pet away. Read more about understanding dog body language.
Scenario 2: The Dog Is Outside Their Comfort Zone
A common example of a dog outside their comfort zone is a trip to the veterinarian. Learn more about how to ease your dog’s anxiety during a vet visit.
Signs That the Dog Is Distressed
In this situation, the dog may show subtle signs of distress, including:
- Yawning
- Lip licking Understand more about lip licking in dogs.
- Lifting a paw
- Backing away
- Barking
- Growling and aggression
In these circumstances, a skilled veterinarian will allow the dog time to adjust by giving them space and not forcing interaction.
This is also an excellent opportunity to take a medical history. When dogs see their humans relaxed and chatting with the vet, it helps put them at ease.
Scenario 3: The Dog Is Experiencing Separation Anxiety
Many people are aware of separation anxiety in dogs, but some may not recognize the subtle signs. Learn more about handling separation anxiety in dogs.
Signs That the Dog Is Distressed
If your neighbor complains about your dog’s barking when you’re out, it could be a sign that your dog is not coping well with your absence. Other signs include:
- Destructiveness, such as chewing Learn how to manage destructive chewing. or digging Tips on how to stop your dog from digging.
- Peeing or pooping in the house when left alone House training tips.
- Excessive barking or howling
- Hiding
- Extreme clinginess before your departure Discover why your dog may be clingy.
If these behaviors sound familiar, try avoiding a predictable routine before leaving and make as little fuss about your departure as possible. Consider speaking with a behaviorist about strategies to break the association between solitude and distress in your dog.
Scenario 4: The Dog Is Stressed by Life Changes
A dog can become stressed by changes in routine, such as you returning to work, introducing a new pet into the house, or even mourning the death of a loved one. Learn how to keep your dog entertained while you’re at work. or how to introduce a new pet.
Signs That the Dog Is Distressed
Be vigilant for the following signs:
- Changes in appetite, such as eating less What to do if your pet is eating less.
- Becoming withdrawn and hiding away
- Not engaging in play or enjoying favorite toys in the same way
- Behavioral changes, such as becoming snappy for no reason
- Sleeping more How much should your dog sleep?
- “Self-harm” habits, such as excessive licking of one spot Why dogs lick sore spots. or chewing fur out
Many of these signs are vague and can also indicate ill health. It’s essential to get your dog checked by a vet first for any problems that may need medical treatment. What to expect during a physical exam.
Once any medical issues are ruled out, target strategies to reassure your dog, such as sticking to a routine, using dog pheromones, and spending quality time with your pet.
Final Thoughts on the Signs That a Dog Is Distressed
In summary, always be a responsible caretaker for your pet.
- Just because your dog is having a great time chasing another pup across the beach doesn’t mean the other dog is happy.
- Be vigilant of the other dog’s body language and call your dog back as necessary. Learn how to train your dog to come when called.
Being mindful of these signs ensures that all dogs involved stay safe and happy, and helps prevent potentially negative interactions.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What are critical signs of stress in dogs?
Critical signs of stress in dogs include excessive panting, shaking, aggression, and refusal to eat.
What are signs of stress in dogs?
Signs of stress in dogs include lowered ears, tucked tail, yawning, lip licking, and avoiding eye contact.
